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HMS Lion (1910)
HMS ''Lion'' was a battlecruiser of the Royal Navy, the lead ship of her class, which were nicknamed the "Splendid Cats".〔 They were significant improvements over their predecessors of the in terms of speed, armament and armour. The ''Lion''-class ships were faster, exchanged the guns of the older ships for the same number of guns, and had a waterline belt thick versus the of the ''Indefatigable''s. This was in response to the first German battlecruisers, the , which were very much larger and more powerful than the first British battlecruisers, the .
''Lion'' served as the flagship of the Grand Fleet's battlecruisers throughout World War I, except when she was being refitted or under repair.〔Campbell, p. 29〕 She sank the German light cruiser during the Battle of Heligoland Bight and served as Vice Admiral Beatty's flagship at the battles of Dogger Bank and Jutland. She was so badly damaged at the first of these battles that she had to be towed back to port by the battlecruiser and was under repair for more than two months. During the Battle of Jutland she suffered a serious propellant fire that could have destroyed the ship had it not been for the bravery of Royal Marine Major Francis Harvey, the turret commander, who posthumously received the Victoria Cross for having ordered the magazine flooded. The fire destroyed one gun turret which had to be removed for rebuilding while she was under repair for several months. She spent the rest of the war on uneventful patrols in the North Sea, although she did provide distant cover during the Second Battle of Heligoland Bight in 1917. She was put into reserve in 1920 and sold for scrap in 1924 under the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty.
==Design==
The ''Lion''-class battlecruisers were designed to be as superior to the new German battlecruisers of the ''Moltke'' class as the German ships were to the ''Invincible'' class. The increase in speed, armour and gun size forced a 65% increase in size over the ''Indefatigable'' class and made them the largest warships in the world.〔Burt, p. 151〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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